This article focuses on grape farming in Kenya. Grapes are berries that can be eaten as fruits or used to process various products such as wine. They are very sweet and juicy with high nutritious value.
Grapes grow well in some parts of Kenya such as Meru, Bungoma and Naivasha.
Varieties of Grapes Grown in Kenya
- French grapes, also known as vinifera. ( this is the most common variety grown in Kenya and other countries).
- American grapes.
- Mediterranean grapes.
Ecological Conditions for Growing Grapes
- Can grow in any type of soil. However, the soil needs to be well drained.
- Proper air circulation to prevent fungus from attacking grape vines.
- Availability of sufficient irrigation where rainfall is very scarce.
- Soil pH of about 5.0.
- Warm to hot temperature.
Planting and Propagation
Grapes can be propagated through seeds or cuttings. The best method of propagation is by using seedlings from established nurseries.
If propagation is through cuttings, the roots of the vines should be soaked in water for about 2 hours before planting. The best spacing for the vines is 6-10 feet apart, planting holes be 12 inches deep and 12 inches wide.
The grapes will need some form of support to grow effectively.
During the first year of growing, effective measures should be taken to ensure that the vines don’t produce fruits so as to strengthen the root system.
Grapes are self-fertile therefore fertiliser should not be applied in the first year of planting, not unless there is a problem with soil fertility.
The grapes are prone to attack by birds. To keep them away, you can use a mesh net.
Harvesting
Grapes start to yield within a year. For the highest yield, they take about four years. They are ready for harvesting once they are ripe and easily crushed.
Harvesting is done twice a year. In terms of yields, a grape plant can produce up to 15kgs of grapes.
Market for Grapes in Kenya
Grapes production in the country is still low. Most of the grapes consumed in Kenya are imported from other countries especially if they are meant for use in manufacturing companies.
Locally, the grapes are sold in open-air markets, high-end supermarkets and groceries at a price of between 300-400 per kg.
With proper marketing and connection, you can also sell the grapes to processing companies such as Kenya Wine Agency which produces wine.
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