This article focuses on mango farming in Kenya. Mangoes are one of the most profitable fruits to grow in Kenya. They have high demand both in the local and international markets.
Mango Growing Areas in Kenya
Mangoes are mainly grown in the eastern parts of the country and the coastal region. This includes areas such as Makueni, Machakos, Kitui, Taita Taveta and other areas such as Embu, Kajiado, Mwea, Baringo, Thika and Murang’a.
Common Varieties of Mangoes Grown in Kenya
Most farmers grow both local and exotic varieties. The varieties include;
- Apple.
- Tommy.
- Kent.
- Dodo.
- Boribo.
- Batawi.
- Ngowe.
Ecological Conditions for Growing Mangoes
- Annual rainfall of about 850- 1000 mm.
- Temperature range of 15°c- 30°c.
- Deep and we’ll drained soil with pH of 5.5 to 7.5.
Land Preparation and Planting
Land should be well ploughed before planting. Deep ploughing is highly encouraged. After ploughing, level the land with a mild slope. The recommended planting space is 5m by 5m.
For the indigenous or local varieties, propagation is by seeds. Exotic varieties are propagated by grafting method, that is grafting a scion on the rootstock of the local variety.
A mango tree yields about 200- 500 fruits each season. The optimum yield after planting is 4 years.
Pruning
Pruning is very necessary for optimum growth. It involves removing weak branches and excess foliage annually after the fruiting season.
Pests and Diseases
Just like any other plants, mangoes are susceptible to pests and diseases. Common pests include thrips, mango seed weevil, red spider mites, mealybugs and mango fruit flies. The pests can be controlled using insecticides and pesticides such as emerald, loyalty, Lexus and alonze.
Common diseases include powdery mildew, anthracnose and die back. The diseases can be controlled by using sprays such as Trinity gold, ransom and green cop.
Market for Mangoes in Kenya
There is a ready market for mangoes in Kenya. The demand is very high as they are one of the most consumed fruits.
Mangoes are mainly sold in the open air markets, groceries, supermarkets and food stores. Prices vary depending on the size of the mangoes.
The fruits can also be grown for export. You liase with fresh produce exporters to supply them with fresh mangoes for export to the European market and Middle East.
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